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Anatomy and Physiology is one of the most important subjects in the Jharkhand DMLT (Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology) examination. Every year, a large number of objective MCQ questions are asked from this subject, making it essential for students to practice regularly.
This Jharkhand DMLT Top 100 MCQ – Anatomy & Physiology blog post is specially designed for students preparing for DMLT exams . The questions are based on the latest syllabus, previous year exam trends, and important concepts, helping students strengthen their fundamentals and improve exam performance.
These MCQs are useful for quick revision, self-assessment, and confidence building before exams. Whether you are a first-year or second-year DMLT student, this practice set will help you score better with smart preparation.
1. The smallest unit of life is:
A. Tissue
B. Cell
C. Organ
D. Organism
Answer: B
2. The powerhouse of the cell is:
A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Nucleus
Answer: C
3. Human chromosome number is:
A. 24
B. 44
C. 46
D. 48
Answer: C
4. Movement of water through a membrane is:
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Filtration
D. Transport
Answer: B
5. Cell division for growth is:
A. Meiosis
B. Fusion
C. Mitosis
D. Replication
Answer: C
6. Protein synthesis happens in:
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Golgi body
D. Lysosome
Answer: A
7. The genetic material in the nucleus is:
A. RNA
B. DNA
C. Protein
D. Fat
Answer: B
8. Cell membrane is:
A. Impermeable
B. Selectively permeable
C. Fully permeable
D. Non-living
Answer: B
9. The fluid inside the cell is:
A. Plasma
B. Cytoplasm
C. Bone marrow
D. Serum
Answer: B
10. Meiosis occurs in:
A. Brain cells
B. Reproductive cells
C. Muscles
D. Skin
Answer: B
11. The packaging center of cell is:
A. Ribosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondria
D. Lysosome
Answer: B
12. Waste digestion in cells occurs in:
A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
C. Golgi body
D. Chloroplast
Answer: B
13. Active transport requires:
A. Water
B. Oxygen
C. ATP energy
D. Sugar only
Answer: C
14. Diffusion moves particles from:
A. Low → High
B. High → Low
C. Equal pressure
D. No movement
Answer: B
15. The tissue lining body surfaces is:
A. Muscle tissue
B. Nervous tissue
C. Connective tissue
Answer: D
16. Blood is:
A. Muscle tissue
B. Connective tissue
C. Epithelial tissue
D. Nervous tissue
Answer: B
17. Skeletal muscle is:
A. Involuntary
B. Voluntary
C. Smooth
D. Cardiac
Answer: B
18. Smooth muscle is found in:
A. Bones
B. Heart
C. Internal organs
D. Skin
Answer: C
19. Cardiac muscle is:
A. Voluntary
B. Involuntary
C. Non-living
D. Smooth only
Answer: B
20. Fat storing cells are called:
A. Leukocytes
B. Adipocytes
C. Neurons
D. Osteocytes
Answer: B
21. Ligament connects:
A. Bone to bone
B. Muscle to bone
C. Nerves to brain
D. Cells to DNA
Answer: A
22. Tendon connects:
A. Bone to bone
B. Muscle to bone
C. Cartilage to bone
D. Nerve to bone
Answer: B
23. Cartilage is present in:
A. Teeth
B. Liver
C. Ear and joints
D. Blood vessels
Answer: C
24. Total bones in adult body:
A. 210
B. 206
C. 198
D. 300
Answer: B
25. The largest bone is:
A. Tibia
B. Femur
C. Humerus
D. Radius
Answer: B
26. The smallest bone is:
A. Malleus
B. Fibula
C. Stapes
D. Ulna
Answer: C
27. The skull protects the:
A. Heart
B. Brain
C. Kidneys
D. Lungs
Answer: B
28. Bone forming cells are:
A. Osteocytes
B. Osteoblasts
C. Osteoclasts
D. Fibroblasts
Answer: B
29. Bone destroying cells are:
A. Osteoblasts
B. Osteoclasts
C. Chondrocytes
D. Neurons
Answer: B
30. Shoulder joint type:
A. Hinge joint
B. Ball and socket joint
C. Pivot joint
D. Fixed joint
Answer: B
31. Knee joint is:
A. Pivot joint
B. Hinge joint
C. Fixed joint
D. Saddle joint
Answer: B
32. Hardest structure in body is:
A. Bone
B. Skin
C. Enamel
D. Tendon
Answer: C
33. Bone marrow produces:
A. Blood cells
B. Teeth
C. Sweat
D. Hormones
Answer: A
34. The backbone is called:
A. Femur
C. Sternum
D. Mandible
Answer: B
35. A broken bone is called:
A. Fracture
B. Dislocation
C. Strain
D. Burn
Answer: A
36. Main respiratory muscle is:
A. Biceps
B. Diaphragm
C. Trapezius
D. Deltoid
Answer: B
37. Muscle energy source:
A. ATP
B. Water
C. Vitamins
D. Minerals
Answer: A
38. Muscle fatigue occurs due to:
A. Oxygen increase
B. Lactic acid buildup
C. Glucose increase
D. Fat loss
Answer: B
39. Flexion means:
A. Bending
B. Straightening
C. Rotation
D. Turning
Answer: A
40. Extension means:
A. Bending
B. Straightening
C. Closing
D. Shifting
Answer: B
41. Number of heart chambers:
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Answer: C
42. Normal adult heart rate:
A. 20–40
B. 60–100
C. 120–150
D. 200
Answer: B
43. SA node acts as:
A. Nerve sensor
B. Natural pacemaker
C. Muscle relaxer
D. Lung controller
Answer: B
44. Largest artery:
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Aorta
C. Renal artery
D. Coronary artery
Answer: B
45. Universal donor:
A. AB+
B. O−
C. B−
D. A+
Answer: B
46. Universal recipient:
A. AB+
B. O−
C. A−
D. B+
Answer: A
47. Normal blood pH:
A. 6.0
B. 7.35–7.45
C. 5.5
D. 9.0
Answer: B
48. RBC lifespan:
A. 20 days
B. 60 days
C. 120 days
D. 365 days
Answer: C
49. Platelets help in:
A. Immunity
B. Digestion
C. Blood clotting
D. Breathing
Answer: C
50. WBC function is:
A. Strength
B. Immunity
C. Digestion
D. Bone formation
Answer: B
51. Hemoglobin carries:
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen
C. Hormones
D. Vitamins
Answer: B
52. Normal blood pressure is:
A. 80/40 mmHg
B. 120/80 mmHg
C. 140/100 mmHg
D. 100/50 mmHg
Answer: B
53. Plasma is mainly:
A. Water
B. Protein
C. Fat
D. Minerals
Answer: A
54. Serum is plasma without:
A. Water
B. RBCs
C. Clotting factors
D. Glucose
Answer: C
55. Platelet count normal range:
A. 10,000–20,000
B. 1–1.5 lakh
C. 1.5–4 lakh
D. 5–10 lakh
Answer: C
56. Pulmonary artery carries:
A. Oxygenated blood
B. Deoxygenated blood
C. Lymph
D. Nutrients
Answer: B
57. Pulmonary vein carries:
A. Deoxygenated blood
B. Oxygenated blood
C. Mixed blood
D. Plasma only
Answer: B
58. Gas exchange occurs in:
A. Trachea
B. Bronchi
C. Alveoli
D. Pharynx
Answer: C
59. Breathing is controlled by:
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Pons
Answer: C
60. Major organ of respiration:
A. Heart
B. Kidney
C. Lungs
D. Liver
Answer: C
61. Voice is produced by:
A. Larynx
B. Pharynx
C. Bronchi
D. Diaphragm
Answer: A
62. Lung covering is called:
A. Peritoneum
B. Pleura
C. Pericardium
D. Synovial membrane
Answer: B
63. Main muscle for breathing:
A. Quadriceps
B. Diaphragm
C. Deltoid
D. Pectoralis major
Answer: B
64. Oxygen binds with:
A. Platelets
B. Hemoglobin
C. Plasma
D. Myosin
Answer: B
65. Kidney functional unit:
A. Alveolus
B. Nephron
C. Sarcomere
D. Neuron
Answer: B
66. Ureter connects:
A. Kidney to bladder
B. Bladder to urethra
C. Liver to gallbladder
D. Heart to lungs
Answer: A
67. Normal urine output/day:
A. 100–300 ml
B. 300–800 ml
C. 1–2 liters
D. 5–10 liters
Answer: C
68. Urine formation begins with:
A. Filtration
B. Absorption
C. Digestion
D. Respiration
Answer: A
69. Kidney produces:
A. Bile
B. Hemoglobin
C. Hormone erythropoietin
D. Vitamin C
Answer: C
70. Waste product excreted by kidneys:
A. Oxygen
B. Urea
C. Platelets
D. Protein
Answer: B
71. Liver stores:
A. Glucose
B. Glycogen
C. Urea
D. Salt
Answer: B
72. Largest gland in the body:
A. Thyroid
B. Liver
C. Pancreas
D. Adrenal gland
Answer: B
73. Bile helps digest:
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Starch
D. Salt
Answer: A
74. Vitamin needed for blood clotting:
A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin K
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin B12
Answer: B
75. Saliva begins digestion of:
A. Protein
B. Fat
C. Starch
D. Vitamins
Answer: C
76. Pepsin digests:
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Sugar
D. Minerals
Answer: B
77. Lipase digests:
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Calcium
Answer: A
78. Amylase breaks down:
A. Protein
B. Fat
C. Starch
D. Water
Answer: C
79. Main site of nutrient absorption:
A. Stomach
B. Small intestine
C. Large intestine
D. Liver
Answer: B
80. Large intestine mainly absorbs:
A. Protein
B. Fat
C. Minerals
D. Water
Answer: D
81. Pancreas produces:
A. Bile
B. Insulin
C. Hemoglobin
D. Urea
Answer: B
82. The master gland is:
A. Thyroid
B. Pancreas
C. Pituitary
D. Adrenal gland
Answer: C
83. Thyroid gland controls:
A. Sleep
B. Metabolism
C. Urine formation
D. Bone growth
Answer: B
84. Hormones are secreted by:
A. Exocrine glands
B. Endocrine glands
C. Sweat glands
D. Tear glands
Answer: B
85. Hormone regulating sleep:
A. Insulin
B. Melatonin
C. Thyroxine
D. Cortisol
Answer: B
86. Reflex action controlled by:
A. Brain
B. Spinal cord
C. Heart
D. Lungs
Answer: B
87. Longest nerve in body:
A. Facial nerve
B. Vagus nerve
C. Optic nerve
D. Spinal nerve
Answer: B
88. Functional unit of nervous system:
A. Cell wall
B. Axon
C. Nucleus
D. Neuron
Answer: D
89. Balance and coordination controlled by:
A. Cerebellum
B. Cerebrum
C. Medulla
D. Hypothalamus
Answer: A
90. Memory stored in:
A. Cerebellum
B. Cerebrum
C. Medulla
D. Spinal cord
Answer: B
91. Spinal cord is protected by:
A. Skull
B. Vertebral column
C. Ribs
D. Pelvis
Answer: B
92. CSF protects:
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Brain & spinal cord
D. Liver
Answer: C
93. Rods in eye help in:
A. Color vision
B. Day vision
C. Night vision
D. Balance
Answer: C
94. Cones help in:
A. Sound
B. Night vision
C. Color vision
D. Taste
Answer: C
95. Part of brain controlling emotions:
A. Cerebrum
B. Limbic system
C. Medulla
D. Spinal cord
Answer: B
96. Hearing organ:
A. Retina
B. Cochlea
C. Cornea
D. Uvula
Answer: B
97. Taste buds are on:
A. Teeth
B. Tongue
C. Nose
D. Ear
Answer: B
98. Smell receptors located in:
A. Retina
B. Olfactory region
C. Cochlea
D. Tongue
Answer: B
99. Skin helps regulate:
A. Vision
B. Blood pressure
C. Body temperature
D. Hormones
Answer: C
100. Largest sense organ:
A. Eye
B. Tongue
C. Skin
D. Ear
Answer: C
